beplay体育手机提高酒吧：不再浪费能量

丹·赫尔森（Dan Helgerson），beplay888官网Technical Editor—

An electromechanical system can operate at about 96% overall efficiency. One study showed that fluid power operates at about 21% efficiency on average. This raises a question: with the price of energy the pressure to “go green” constantly increasing, why would anyone in his or her right mind choose fluid power?

我曾经在一个主要的塑料注射模制设施中进行导游，并由大约20名机械工程师组成。这次旅行使我们进入了一台完全是机电的实验成型机。没有那么多的设备上的冷却空气飞机。导游自豪地宣布，该公司正在看这台机器，以期摆脱流动能力，因为他说，众所周知，“液压剂是混乱而昂贵的。”我是一个客人，所以我安静而痛苦地咬我的舌头，而其他所有人都在毫无疑问的协议中点了点头。

This is anecdotal, but anecdotes can show a pattern, and enough of them may even be considered data. The fact is that a substantial group of design engineers currently planning the equipment of tomorrow do not question the idea that it is wise to避免using fluid power!

我们当中那些热衷于流体能力的人知道，有很多充分的理由考虑工作能力来进行工作。有力的浓度，去除热量，柔韧性以及从公共电源产生线性和旋转运动的能力。它可以采用非常重的物体，并反复将它们放置在五分之一英寸之内。它可以产生真空，使我们能够安全地捡起并移动细腻且形状奇怪的材料。

在提出流体能力的情况下，这些都是适当的事情，我们许多人成功地做到了。但是，在本文中，我要专注于能源，因为如果不能将流体功率显示为其他形式的能量转移的有效替代方案，那么我们还可以收集我们的公式并找到其他一些工作。令人沮丧的事实是流体力没有haveto be so inefficient.

For years fluid power professionals have complained that they have to give away engineering to be competitive and sell products. This complaint spotlights the irony that we are the ones who designed the inefficient systems that now haunt us. Fluid power users have come to us professionals asking for solutions to their power-transfer needs. Some of them would not know a kilowatt from a horse radish or a BTU from a lemon drop. But we do! For us to design their systems, we must calculate the forces, speeds, pressures, and flows required to get the job done.

我曾经有机会提供一个系统，在该系统中，向上的表演新闻有142 kN（32,000磅）的压板，必须以0.13 m/sec（5英寸/秒）的速度提起，然后移动0.025 m//sec/sec。SEC（1英寸/秒），使用1,335 kN（150吨）的力。我建议使用30 kW（40 hp）电动机的系统。机器设计师持怀疑态度，并告诉我他认为这不会起作用。他的公司总是用45 kW（60 hp）的电动机制造类似的机器，以驱动液压泵。

I asked him to do the math with me. The greatest amount of power was consumed in lifting the platen. (The pressing force required relatively little power because of the low speed.) Knowing that 1 kW = 1 kNm/sec (HP = 550 lb/ft/sec), I asked him to tell me how much power would be needed to lift the platen at the rated speed. He got out his calculator and worked out 142 x 0.13 = 18.46 kW (about 25 hp). My 30-kW unit was a concession to the system’s inefficiency and the availability of the type of electric motor I planned to use.

当完成的机器到达制造工厂的新房屋时，工厂工程师持怀疑态度，因为我们在系统上放置了一个相对较小的热交换器。他坚信动力部队会过热。他还有其他几台机器，带有45 kW（60 hp）的电动机，并且都有大型热交换器。我很高兴地报告该系统工作正常，而且热量没有问题。我们只是设计了系统中的许多热发电机。

The point is this: the users of fluid power have placed themselves at our mercy. When it comes to fluid power, otherwise competent engineers sometimes lay aside what they know about physics. They want us to handle the “black box” and trust us to provide the best system. In the experience I described above, neither the machine designer nor the plant engineer had done the math to see the actual requirements to move the load. They had left it up to us, the fluid power professionals, to tell them what they needed, and we failed them. We gave them systems that worked and met the stated requirements, but the systems did not represent the best that could be done. The result was that for years machine designers had supplied inefficient systems and manufacturers paid the energy bill for that inefficiency. They accepted the wasted energy as a cost of doing business and an inherent characteristic of fluid power.

As fluid power professionals, we are pros at transferring energy. We need to think of ourselves as energy professionals specializing in fluid power. We need to involve fluid power users in the decision-making process, let them know the cost of inefficiency, then offer the most efficient system available.

我们应该开始考虑从燃烧引擎或电动机到正在执行的工作的整个能量转移系统。我们需要查看浪费的每一个千瓦，每个SCFM都被扔掉，每个BTU都被删除，以作为改进的机会。

To do less would be a disservice to our profession and to those who depend on our expertise.